Ko e hisitolia ʻo e meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi he USA.

ʻOku ʻuhinga ʻa e meʻakai ʻaukai ki he meʻakai ʻoku vave mo faingofua hono teuteuʻi mo tokoniʻi, ʻo faʻa ngaohi mei he ngaahi meʻa ʻoku ʻikai fakamole, pea fakatau atu ʻi ha totongi maʻamaʻa. ʻOku ʻi ai ha hisitolia loloa mo chequered ʻo e meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi he ʻIunaiteti Siteiti, pea ko e niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi fuofua falekai ʻo e meʻakai ʻaukai ʻoku nau foki ki he konga kimuʻa ʻo e senituli 20 .

Ko e taha ʻo e ngaahi fuofua sipinga ʻo e meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi he ʻIunaiteti Siteiti ko e loli meʻakai, ʻa ia naʻe hu ki he maketi ʻi he konga kimui ʻo e senituli 19 . Naʻe faʻa maʻu ʻa e ngaahi loli meʻakai toʻotoʻo ko ʻeni ʻo ofi ki he ngaahi falengaue mo e ngaahi feituʻu kehe naʻe tuʻu ai e kau ngaue, pea naʻa nau ʻomi ha founga faingamalie ke maʻu ai ʻe he kakai ha meʻatokoni fakavavevave.

ʻI he ngaahi taʻu ʻo e 1920 mo e 1930, naʻe manakoa ʻa e ngaahi falekai, ʻa ia ʻe lava ke ʻota ai ʻe he kau fakatau ha meʻakai mei heʻenau kaa. Naʻe faʻa tuʻu ʻa e ngaahi falekai ko ʻeni ʻo ofi ki he ngaahi hala lalahi, ʻo ʻoange ki he kau fononga ha founga faingamalie ke taʻofi mo puke ha meʻatokoni ʻi he hala.

ʻI he ngaahi taʻu ʻo e 1940, naʻe kamata ke hu mai ʻa e ngaahi seini meʻakai ʻaukai hange ko e tuʻi ʻo Mekitonolo mo Burger tuʻi, ʻo liliu ʻa e founga naʻe teuteuʻi mo fakatau atu ʻaki e meʻakai ʻaukai. Naʻe fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe he ngaahi seini ko ʻeni ʻa e ngaahi founga fakahokohoko ʻo e fakatahaʻanga ke maʻu vave ai ha meʻakai lahi, ʻo lava ai ke nau fakatau atu ʻenau koloa ʻi ha totongi maʻulalo.

Talu mei ai, mo e hokohoko atu e tupulaki mo e e ʻa e ngaahi kautaha meʻakai ʻaukai, mo ha ngaahi falekai meʻakai kehekehe ʻoku lava ke maʻu he taimi ni ki he consumers. ʻI he ʻaho ni, ʻe lava ke maʻu ʻa e ngaahi falekai ʻo e meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi he ʻIunaiteti Siteiti kotoa, pea ʻoku nau kei hoko pe ko ha fili manakoa ki he kakai ʻoku nau fekumi ki ha meʻatokoni vave mo faingamalie.

Ko e hisitolia ʻo e meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi he kuonga muʻa Pompeii.

ʻOku faingataʻa ke tau pehe pe naʻe fotunga fefe ʻa e meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi he kuonga muʻa Pompeii, ko e foʻi fakakaukau ʻo e meʻakai ʻaukai ʻo hange ko ia ʻoku tau ʻilo he ʻaho ni naʻe ʻikai ke ʻi ai he taimi ko ia. Neongo ia, ʻoku ngalingali naʻe ʻi ai ha ngaahi feituʻu ʻi he kuonga muʻa Pompeii naʻe lava ke fakatau ai ʻe he kakai ha meʻakai naʻe vave mo faingofua ke tutu, hange ko

Naʻe hoko ʻa Pompeii ko ha kolo Loma ʻi he feituʻu ʻoku hoko he taimi ni ko e vahefonua Campania ʻo ʻItali. Naʻe fakaʻauha ʻa e kolo ʻi he 79 tuʻuaki pea tanu ʻi he malumalu ʻo e ash mo e pumice ʻi he taimi naʻe Tamipola ai ʻa e moʻunga Vesuvius, pea toki toe ʻilo pe ʻi he senituli 18.

ʻE lava ke maʻu ʻa e fakamoʻoni ʻo e ngaahi faiʻanga fakamafola meʻakai ʻi Pompeii ʻi he toenga ʻo e kolo, kau ai ʻa e toenga ʻo e bakeries, taverns, mo e faʻahinga falekoloa kehe. ʻOku ngalingali naʻe tokoni ʻa e establishments ko ʻeni ki ha ngaahi meʻakai kehekehe, kau ai ʻa e maa, siisi, mo ha faʻahinga peleti faingofua mo faingofua ke teuteuʻi. ʻOku ngalingali foki naʻe fakatau ʻe he kakai ʻi he kuonga muʻa Pompeii ha meʻakai mei ha kau tuʻuaki hala pe kai ʻi ʻapi.

Ko hono fakalukufua, neongo naʻe ʻikai ke ʻi ai ha fakakaukau ʻo e meʻakai ʻaukai ʻo hange ko ia ʻoku tau ʻilo he ʻaho ni ʻi Pompeii he kuonga muʻa, ka ʻoku ngalingali naʻe ʻi ai ha ngaahi feituʻu ʻe lava ke vave mo faingofua ai hono kai ʻe he kakai ʻa e meʻakai.

Ko e talanoa ki he vave ʻo e maʻu ʻo e meʻakai ki ʻIulope.

ʻOku ʻi ai ha hisitolia kimui ni mai ʻo e meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi ʻIulope, pea ko e fuofua seini meʻakai ʻaukai ʻoku ʻasi ʻi he vahefonua ʻi he ngaahi taʻu ʻo e 1950 mo e 1960.

Ko e taha ʻo e ngaahi fuofua seini meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi ʻIulope ko mekitonolo, ʻa ia naʻe fakaava ai hono fuofua falekai ʻi he UK ʻi he 1974. Kimuʻa ai, kuo ʻosi fokotuʻu ʻe Mekitonolo ia ko ha tokotaha vaʻinga tuʻukimuʻa ʻi he ngaahi kautaha meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi he ʻIunaiteti Siteiti pea vave ʻene mafola ki he ngaahi fonua kehe ʻi he funga ʻo e mamani, kau ai ʻa ʻIulope.

Naʻe kamata foki ʻe he ngaahi seini meʻakai ʻaukai kehe hange ko Burger tuʻi mo KFC ha ngaahi falekai ʻi ʻIulope ʻi he ngaahi taʻu ʻo e 1970 mo e 1980. Naʻe fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe he ngaahi seini ko ʻeni, hange ko Mekitonolo, ʻa e ngaahi founga fakatahaʻanga ke maʻu vave ai ha meʻakai lahi, ʻo lava ai ke nau fakatau atu ʻenau koloa ʻi ha totongi maʻulalo.

ʻI he ʻaho ni, ʻoku fokotuʻu lelei ʻa e ngaahi kautaha meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi ʻIulope, pea ʻi ai mo ha ngaahi seini meʻakai ʻaukai kehekehe ʻoku ngaue ʻi he vahefonua. ʻE lava ke maʻu ʻa e ngaahi falekai ʻo e meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi he ngaahi kolo mo e tukui kolo lahi ʻo ʻIulope, pea ʻoku nau kei hoko pe ko ha fili manakoa ki he kakai ʻoku nau fekumi ki ha meʻatokoni vave mo faingamalie.

Ko e talanoa ki he vave ʻo e maʻu ʻo e meʻakai ki ʻEsia.

ʻOku ʻi ai ha hisitolia kimui ni mai ʻo e meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi ʻEsia, pea ko e fuofua seini meʻakai ʻaukai ʻoku ʻasi ʻi he vahefonua ʻi he ngaahi taʻu ʻo e 1970 mo e 1980.

Ko e taha ʻo e fuofua seini meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi ʻEsia ko mekitonolo, ʻa ia naʻe fakaava ai hono fuofua falekai ʻi Siapani ʻi he 1971. Kimuʻa ai, kuo ʻosi fokotuʻu ʻe Mekitonolo ia ko ha tokotaha vaʻinga tuʻukimuʻa ʻi he ngaahi kautaha meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi he ʻIunaiteti Siteiti. pea naʻe vave ʻene mafola ki he ngaahi fonua kehe ʻi he mamani, kau ai ʻa ʻEsia.

Naʻe kamata foki ʻe he ngaahi seini meʻakai ʻaukai kehe hange ko KFC mo Burger tuʻi ha ngaahi falekai ʻi ʻEsia ʻi he ngaahi taʻu ʻo e 1970 mo e 1980. Naʻe fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe he ngaahi seini ko ʻeni, hange ko Mekitonolo, ʻa e ngaahi founga fakatahaʻanga ke maʻu vave ai ha meʻakai lahi, ʻo lava ai ke nau fakatau atu ʻenau koloa ʻi ha totongi maʻulalo.

ʻI he ʻaho ni, ʻoku fokotuʻu lelei ʻa e ngaahi kautaha meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi ʻEsia, mo ha ngaahi seini meʻakai ʻaukai kehekehe ʻoku ngaue ʻi he vahefonua. ʻE lava ke maʻu ʻa e ngaahi falekai ʻo e meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi he ngaahi kolo mo e tukui kolo lahi ʻo ʻEsia, pea ʻoku kei hokohoko atu pe ʻenau hoko ko ha fili manakoa ki he kakai ʻoku nau fekumi ki ha meʻatokoni vave mo faingamalie.

Ko e hisitolia ʻo e falekai ʻo Tonolo.

Ko mekitonolo ko ha seini meʻakai ʻaukai ia naʻe fokotuʻu ʻi he 1940 ʻe tautehina Lisiate mo Maurice Mekitonolo ʻi he ʻIunaiteti Siteiti. Ko e kautaha ko e taha ia ʻo e ngaahi seini meʻakai ʻiloa mo ola lelei taha ʻi he mamani ʻoku ʻi ai ha ngaahi feituʻu ʻe 38,000 tupu ʻi ha fonua ʻe 100 tupu.

Ko e falekai ʻuluaki ʻo Mekitonolo ko ha kiʻi fakaʻuli siʻisiʻi pe ʻi Seni Penatino, Kalefonia. Naʻe ʻiloa ia ʻi hono ngaahi hamipeeka, ʻa ia naʻe ngaohi mei ha ngaahi meʻa foʻou mo lelei pea feimeʻatokoni ke maau. ʻI he 1948, naʻe fakafeʻiloaki ʻe he ongo tautehina Mekitonolo ʻa e "Speedee Service System," ʻa ia naʻe fakaʻaongaʻi ki ai ʻa e fokotuʻutuʻu ʻo e laine fakatahaʻanga ke maʻu vave ai ha ngaahi hamipeeka lahi ʻi he totongi maʻamaʻa. Naʻe liliu ʻe he polokalama ko ʻeni ʻa e ngaahi kautaha meʻakai ʻaukai pea tokoni ke ʻai e hingoa ʻo Mekitonolo ko ha hingoa fakafamili.

ʻI he ngaahi taʻu ʻo e 1950, naʻe kamata ke mahuʻingaʻia ʻa Lei Kroc, ko ha mixer, ʻi he falekai ʻo e ngaahi tokoua Mekitonolo mo ʻene sipinga pisinisi makehe. Naʻe faifai pea ne fakalotoʻi kinautolu ke fakaʻata ia ke ne laiseni ʻa e fakakaukau ʻa Mekitonolo, pea ʻi he 1955 Kroc fakaava ʻa e fuofua falekai ʻo Mekitonolo ʻi Ti Plaines, ʻIlinoisi. Talu mei ai, mo e vave e mafola ʻa e kautaha pea ʻi he ngaahi taʻu ʻo e 1960, kuo hoko ʻa Mekitonolo ko ha meʻa fakamamani lahi.

ʻI he ʻaho ni, ʻoku ʻiloa ʻa Mekitonolo ʻi heʻene burgers, fakapaku, mo e ngaahi meʻakai ʻaukai kehe, pea pehe ki hono fakaʻilonga iconic ʻaki ʻa e ngaahi ʻaleso koula. ʻOku kei hokohoko atu pe ʻene taki ʻa e meʻakai ʻaukai pea ko ha fili manakoa ia ki he kakai ʻi he funga ʻo e mamani ʻoku nau fekumi ki ha meʻatokoni vave mo faingamalie.

Ko e talanoa ʻo Burger tuʻi.

Ko Burger tuʻi ko ha seini meʻakai ʻaukai ia naʻe fokotuʻu ʻi he 1953 ʻi Siakisonivila, Fololita naʻe fai ʻe James McLamore mo David Edgerton. ʻOku ʻiloa e kautaha ʻi heʻene burgers, tautautefito ki heʻene fakamoʻoni hingoa Whopper sanuisi, fakafeʻiloaki ʻi he 1957.

ʻI he ngaahi taʻu kimuʻa ʻo ʻene ʻekitivitii, naʻe nofotaha ʻa Burger tuʻi ʻi hono foaki ha ngaahi hamipeeka lelei ʻi ha totongi maʻamaʻa. Naʻe fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe he kautaha ʻa e fokotuʻutuʻu ʻo e fakatahaʻanga, ʻo tatau mo Mekitonolo, ke maʻu vave ha meʻakai lahi ʻi he totongi maʻamaʻa.

ʻI he ngaahi taʻu ʻo e 1960 mo e 1970 tupu, naʻe vave e mafola ʻa Burger tuʻi, ʻi he ʻIunaiteti Siteiti mo fakavahaʻapuleʻanga fakatouʻosi. Naʻe fakaava ʻe he kautaha hono fuofua falekai mavahe mei he ʻIunaiteti Siteiti ʻi Pueto Liko ʻi he 1963 pea hokohoko atu ʻenau mafola ki he ngaahi fonua kehe ʻi he ngaahi taʻu lahi ne hoko atu ai.

ʻI he ʻaho ni, ʻoku hoko ʻa Burger tuʻi ko e taha ʻo e ngaahi seini meʻakai lahi mo ʻiloa taha ʻi he mamani, pea ʻoku laka hake ʻi he falekoloa ʻe 17,000 ʻi ha fonua ʻe 100 tupu. ʻOku ʻiloa e kautaha ʻi hono siviʻi kimautolu burgers mo hono kau Lokani "fai ia ʻi ho hala", ʻa ia ʻoku ne fakaʻata ʻa e kau fakatau ke nau fakafeʻungaʻi ʻenau ngaahi ʻota. ʻOku kei hokohoko atu pe ʻa e hoko ʻa Burger tuʻi ko ha fili manakoa ki he kakai ʻoku nau fekumi ki ha meʻatokoni vave mo faingamalie.

Ko e hisitolia ʻo e fale pisa.

Ko e fale pisa ko ha seini ia ʻo e thes naʻe fokotuʻu ʻi he 1958 ʻi Wichita ʻi Kenisesi, ʻe ongo tautehina ko Teni mo Felengi Carney. Ko e taha ʻo e kautaha naʻa nau fuofua foaki ha pisa ʻi he fakamomoa, pea naʻe ʻiloa ia ʻi hono ʻato kulokula makehe ʻi hono ngaahi falekai.

ʻI he ngaahi taʻu kimuʻa ʻo ʻene ʻekitivitii, naʻe nofotaha ʻa e fale pisa ʻi hono ʻomi ha pisa lelei ʻi ha totongi feʻunga. Naʻe fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe he kautaha ha ngaahi founga fakamaketi kehekehe ke tohoakiʻi mai ʻaki e kau fakatau, hange ko hono faʻeleʻi taʻetotongi mo tuʻuaki hono pizzas ʻo fakafou ʻi he ngaahi sipoti mo e televisone tuʻuaki.

ʻI he ngaahi taʻu ʻo e 1960 mo e 1970, naʻe vave e mafola ʻa e fale pisa, ʻi he ʻIunaiteti Siteiti mo fakavahaʻapuleʻanga fakatouʻosi. Naʻe fakaava ʻe he kautaha hono fuofua falekai mavahe mei he ʻIunaiteti Siteiti ʻi Kanata ʻi he 1968 pea hokohoko atu ʻene mafola ki he ngaahi fonua kehe ʻi he ngaahi taʻu ne hoko atu ai.

ʻI he ʻaho ni, ko e fale pisa ko e taha ia ʻo e ngaahi seini pisa lahi taha mo ʻiloa taha ʻi he mamani ʻoku laka hake ʻi he ngaahi feituʻu ʻe 18,000 ʻi ha fonua ʻe 100 tupu. ʻOku ʻiloa e kautaha ʻi hono faʻahinga pisa kehekehe pea pehe ki hono ʻu peleti ngaohiʻanga pasita, kapakau mo e ngaahi meʻa kehe ki he menu. ʻOku kei hoko pe ʻa e fale pisa ko ha fili manakoa ki he kakai ʻoku nau fekumi ki ha meʻatokoni vave mo faingamalie.

Ko hono faʻu ʻo e pisa.

ʻOku kiʻi pehe ʻa e tupuʻanga totonu ʻo e pisa, ka ʻoku fuʻu tui lahi naʻe kamata ʻa e pisa ʻi ʻItali, tautautefito ʻi he vahefonua Campania ʻo e fakatonga ʻo ʻItali. ʻE lava ke fakatotoloʻi ʻa e ʻuluaki fakamoʻoni fakafolofola ki he pisa ki ha tohi faka-Latina mei he feituʻu fakatonga ʻo ʻItali ko Gaeta mei he 997 tuʻuaki, ʻa ia ʻoku ne fakamatalaʻi ha meʻakai naʻe ngaohi mei he tou, siisi mo e ngaahi meʻa kehe pe.

Neongo ia, ko e pisa ʻo hange ko ia ʻoku tau ʻilo he ʻaho ni mahalo naʻe kamata ia ʻi he konga kimui ʻo e senituli 18 pe konga kimuʻa ʻo e senituli 19 ʻi he kolo ʻItali ko Neipolo. ʻI he taimi ko ia, ko e pisa ko ha kiʻi meʻatokoni faingofua naʻe teuteuʻi ʻaki ha kiʻi ʻapitanga tou faingofua pea fakaʻofoʻofa ʻaki ʻa e temata, siisi, mo ha ngaahi meʻa kehe pe. Naʻe fakatau atu ia ʻe ha kau tuʻuaki hala pea nau kai pe ʻe he masiva.

ʻI he konga kimui ʻo e senituli 19 mo e konga kimuʻa ʻo e senituli 20, naʻe fakaʻau ke manakoa ange ʻa e pisa ʻo fakalaka atu ʻi ʻItali pea faifai ʻo mafola atu ki he ngaahi feituʻu kehe ʻo ʻIulope mo e toenga ʻo e mamani. ʻI he ʻaho ni, ʻoku fiefia ʻa e pisa ʻi he kakai ʻi he funga ʻo e mamani pea ʻoku maʻu ia ʻi ha ngaahi sipinga mo ha flavors kehekehe.

Meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi ʻAfilika.

ʻOku fuʻu kei siʻi ʻa e kautaha meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi ʻAfilika, pea ko e fuofua seini meʻakai ʻaukai ʻoku ʻasi ʻi he vahefonua ʻi he ngaahi taʻu ʻo e 1970 mo e 1980.

Ko e taha ʻo e ngaahi fuofua seini meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi ʻAfilika ko KFC, ʻa ia naʻe fakaava ai hono fuofua falekai ʻi Saute ʻAfilika ʻi he 1971. Naʻe toe fakaava foki ʻe he ngaahi seini meʻakai ʻaukai kehe hange ko Mekitonolo mo Burger tuʻi ha ngaahi falekai ʻi ʻAfilika ʻi he ngaahi taʻu ʻo e 1980 mo e 1990. Naʻe fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe he ngaahi seini ko ʻeni, hange ko KFC, ʻa e ngaahi founga fakatahaʻanga ke maʻu vave ai ha meʻakai lahi, ʻo lava ai ke nau fakatau atu ʻenau koloa ʻi ha totongi maʻulalo.

ʻI he ʻaho ni, ʻoku fokotuʻu lelei ʻa e ngaahi kautaha meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi ʻAfilika, mo ha ngaahi seini meʻakai ʻaukai kehekehe ʻoku ngaue ʻi he vahefonua. ʻE lava ke maʻu ʻa e ngaahi falekai ʻo e meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi he ngaahi kolo lahi ʻo ʻAfilika, pea ʻoku nau kei hoko pe ko ha fili manakoa ki he kakai ʻoku nau fekumi ki ha meʻatokoni vave mo faingamalie. Neongo ia, ʻoku kei tupulaki pe ʻa e meʻakai ʻaukai ʻi ʻAfilika pea ʻoku ʻikai ke mafola ia ʻo hange ko ia ʻi he ngaahi feituʻu kehe ʻo e mamani.