Umlando wokudla okusheshayo e-USA.

Ukudla okusheshayo kubhekisela ekudleni okusheshayo futhi okulula ukulungiselela nokukhonza, okuvame ukwenziwa ngezithako ezingabizi, futhi kuthengiswe ngentengo ephansi. Imboni yokudla okusheshayo e-United States inomlando omude futhi ohloliwe, nezinye zezindawo zokudlela zokuqala zokudla okusheshayo ezisukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 .

Esinye sezibonelo zokuqala zokudla okusheshayo e-United States kwakuyiloli lokudla, elangena emakethe ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 . La maloli okudla ahambayo ayevame ukutholakala eduze kwezimboni nakwezinye izindawo lapho abasebenzi babekhona, futhi banikeza indlela elula yokuthi abantu badle ngokushesha.

Ngo-1920 no-1930, izindawo zokudlela zokushayela zathandwa, lapho amakhasimende angakwazi uku-oda ukudla emotweni yabo. Ngokuvamile elise eduze imigwaqo emikhulu, lezi zokudlela wanikela abahambi indlela elula ukumisa futhi ubambe isidlo endleleni.

Eminyakeni yo-1940, amaketanga okudla okusheshayo afana neMcDonald's neBurger King aqala ukuvela, aguqula indlela ukudla okusheshayo okwakulungiswa futhi kwathengiswa ngayo. La maketanga asebenzisa amasu omugqa wokuhlanganisa ukukhiqiza ngokushesha inani elikhulu lokudla, okuvumela ukuthi bathengise imikhiqizo yabo ngamanani aphansi.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, imboni yokudla okusheshayo iqhubekile nokukhula nokuguquka, ngezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zokudlela zokudla okusheshayo manje ezitholakala kubathengi. Namuhla, izindawo zokudlela zokudla okusheshayo zingatholakala kulo lonke elase-United States, futhi ziseyinto ethandwayo yokukhetha abantu abafuna ukudla okusheshayo nokulula.

Umlando wokudla okusheshayo ePompeii yasendulo.

Kunzima ukusho ukuthi ukudla okusheshayo kwakubukeka kanjani ePompeii yasendulo, njengoba umqondo wokudla okusheshayo njengoba sazi ukuthi namuhla wawungekho ngaleso sikhathi. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi ePompeii yasendulo kwakukhona izindawo lapho abantu babengathenga khona ukudla okwakushesha futhi kulula ukukudla, njenge

IPompeii kwakuyidolobha lamaRoma endaweni manje esesifundeni saseCampania e-Italy. Umuzi wabhujiswa ngo-79 AD futhi wangcwatshwa ngaphansi komlotha kanye ne-pumice lapho kuqhamuka iNtaba iVesuvius, futhi yatholakala kabusha kuphela ngekhulu le-18.

Ubufakazi bezindawo zokudla ePompeii butholakala ezinsalela zedolobha, kufaka phakathi izinsalela zamabhikawozi, izindawo zokudlela, nezinye izinhlobo zezitolo zokudla. Lezi zikhungo kungenzeka ukuthi zakhonza ukudla okuhlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi isinkwa, ushizi, nezinye izinhlobo zezitsha ezilula, ezilula ukulungiselela. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi abantu basePompeii yasendulo bathenga ukudla kubathengisi basemgwaqweni noma badle emakhaya.

Ngokuvamile, ngenkathi umqondo wokudla okusheshayo njengoba sazi namuhla wawungekho ePompeii yasendulo, kungenzeka ukuthi kwakukhona izindawo lapho abantu bengadla khona ngokushesha futhi kalula ukudla.

Indaba ukuthi ukudla okusheshayo kwafika kanjani eYurophu.

Imboni yokudla okusheshayo eYurophu inomlando wakamuva, ngamaketanga okuqala okudla okusheshayo abonakala esifundeni ngawo-1950 no-1960.

Enye yamaketanga okuqala okudla okusheshayo eYurophu kwakuyiMcDonald's, eyavula indawo yayo yokudlela yokuqala e-UK ngo-1974. Ngaphambilini, iMcDonald's yayisivele izisungule njengomdlali obusayo embonini yokudla okusheshayo e-United States futhi ngokushesha yanda kwamanye amazwe emhlabeni jikelele, kufaka phakathi iYurophu.

Amanye amaketanga okudla okusheshayo afana neBurger King ne-KFC nawo aqala ukuvula izindawo zokudlela eYurophu ngeminyaka yo-1970 no-1980. La maketanga, njengoMcDonald's, asebenzisa amasu omugqa wokuhlanganisa ukukhiqiza ngokushesha inani elikhulu lokudla, okuvumela ukuthi bathengise imikhiqizo yabo ngamanani aphansi.

Namuhla, imboni yokudla okusheshayo isungulwe kahle eYurophu, ngezinhlobonhlobo zamaketanga okudla okusheshayo ahlukene asebenza esifundeni. Izindawo zokudlela zokudla okusheshayo zingatholakala emadolobheni amaningi aseYurophu nasemadolobheni, futhi zihlala ziyindlela ethandwayo yokukhetha abantu abafuna ukudla okusheshayo nokulula.

Indaba nokuthi ukudla kwafika ngokushesha kangakanani e-Asia.

Imboni yokudla okusheshayo e-Asia inomlando wakamuva, ngamaketanga okuqala okudla okusheshayo abonakala esifundeni ngawo-1970 no-1980.

Enye yamaketanga okuqala okudla okusheshayo e-Asia kwakuyiMcDonald's, eyavula indawo yayo yokudlela yokuqala eJapane ngo-1971. Ngaphambilini, iMcDonald's yayisivele izisungule njengomdlali obusayo embonini yokudla okusheshayo e-United States. futhi ngokushesha yanda kwamanye amazwe emhlabeni wonke, kuhlanganise ne-Asia.

Amanye amaketanga okudla okusheshayo afana ne-KFC ne-Burger King nawo aqala ukuvula izindawo zokudlela e-Asia ngeminyaka yo-1970 no-1980. La maketanga, njengoMcDonald's, asebenzisa amasu omugqa wokuhlanganisa ukukhiqiza ngokushesha inani elikhulu lokudla, okuvumela ukuthi bathengise imikhiqizo yabo ngamanani aphansi.

Namuhla, imboni yokudla okusheshayo isungulwe kahle e-Asia, ngezinhlobonhlobo zamaketanga okudla okusheshayo ahlukene asebenza esifundeni. Izindawo zokudlela zokudla okusheshayo zingatholakala emadolobheni nasemadolobheni amaningi ase-Asia, futhi ziyaqhubeka nokukhetha okuthandwayo kubantu abafuna ukudla okusheshayo nokulula.

Umlando wezindawo zokudlela zikaMc Donald.

I-McDonald's iyiketango lokudla okusheshayo elasungulwa ngo-1940 ngabazalwane uRichard noMaurice McDonald e-United States. Le nkampani ingenye yamaketanga okudla okusheshayo aziwa kakhulu futhi aphumelela kakhulu emhlabeni anezindawo ezingaphezu kuka-38,000 emazweni angaphezu kwe-100.

Indawo yokudlela yasekuqaleni yakwaMcDonald's yayiyi-drive-in encane eSan Bernardino, eCalifornia. Yayaziwa ngama-hamburger ayo, enziwe ngezithako ezintsha, ezisezingeni eliphezulu futhi aphekwe uku-oda. Ngo-1948, abazalwane bakwaMcDonald bethula i- "Speedee Service System," eyasebenzisa ukukhiqizwa komugqa wokuhlanganisa ukukhiqiza ngokushesha inani elikhulu lama-hamburger ngezindleko eziphansi. Loluhlelo lwaguqula imboni yokudla okusheshayo futhi lwasiza ukwenza iMcDonald's igama lomndeni.

Eminyakeni yawo-1950, uRay Kroc, umxube we-milkshake, waba nesithakazelo endaweni yokudlela yabazalwane bakwaMcDonald kanye nemodeli yayo yebhizinisi eyingqayizivele. Ekugcineni wabaqinisekisa ukuthi bamvumele ukuba abe nelayisense yomqondo kaMcDonald, futhi ngo-1955 uKroc wavula indawo yakhe yokudlela yokuqala yakwaMcDonald's eDes Plaines, e-Illinois. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, inkampani yanda ngokushesha futhi ngama-1960, uMcDonald's wayesebe yinto yomhlaba wonke.

Namuhla, iMcDonald's yaziwa ngama-burger ayo, ama-fries, nezinye izinto zokudla okusheshayo, kanye ne-logo yayo ebonakalayo enama-arches egolide. Iyaqhubeka nokuhola imboni yokudla okusheshayo futhi iyindlela ethandwayo yokukhetha abantu emhlabeni wonke abafuna ukudla okusheshayo nokulula.

Indaba yeBurger King.

I-Burger King iyiketango lokudla okusheshayo elasungulwa ngo-1953 eJacksonville, eFlorida nguJames McLamore noDavid Edgerton. Le nkampani yaziwa ngama-burger ayo, ikakhulukazi isignesha yayo ye-Whopper sandwich, eyethulwe ngo-1957.

Eminyakeni yokuqala yomsebenzi wayo, i-Burger King yagxila ekunikezeni ama-hamburger aphezulu ngentengo ephansi. Le nkampani isebenzise ukukhiqizwa komugqa wokuhlanganisa, okufana neMcDonald's, ukukhiqiza ngokushesha inani elikhulu lokudla ngezindleko eziphansi.

Ngo-1960 no-1970, i-Burger King yanda ngokushesha, kokubili ngaphakathi kwe-United States nasemhlabeni wonke. Le nkampani yavula indawo yayo yokudlela yokuqala ngaphandle kwe-United States ePuerto Rico ngo-1963 futhi yaqhubeka nokwandisa kwamanye amazwe emashumini eminyaka alandelayo.

Namuhla, i-Burger King ingenye yamaketanga amakhulu kakhulu futhi aziwa kakhulu okudla okusheshayo emhlabeni, nezitolo ezingaphezu kuka-17,000 emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Le nkampani yaziwa ngama-burger ayo aphekwa ngamalangabi kanye nesiqubulo sayo esithi "Yiba Nendlela Yakho", okuvumela amakhasimende ukuthi benze ngokwezifiso ama-oda abo. I-Burger King iyaqhubeka nokukhetha okuthandwayo kubantu abafuna ukudla okusheshayo nokulula.

Umlando Pizza Hut.

I-Pizza Hut iyiketango le-pizzerias eyasungulwa ngo-1958 eWichita, eKansas, ngabafowabo uDan noFrank Carney. Le nkampani yayingomunye wabokuqala ukunikeza i-pizza ngezingcezu, futhi yayaziwa ngophahla lwayo olubomvu oluhlukile ezindaweni zayo zokudlela.

Eminyakeni yokuqala yomsebenzi wayo, i-Pizza Hut igxile ekuhlinzekeni i-pizza yekhwalithi ephezulu ngentengo efanele. Le nkampani isebenzise amasu ahlukahlukene okuthengisa ukuheha amakhasimende, njengokulethwa kwamahhala nokukhuthazwa kwama-pizza ayo ngokusebenzisa imicimbi yezemidlalo exhasiwe kanye nezikhangiso zethelevishini.

Ngo-1960 no-1970, i-Pizza Hut yanda ngokushesha, kokubili ngaphakathi kwe-United States nasemhlabeni wonke. Le nkampani yavula indawo yayo yokudlela yokuqala ngaphandle kwe-United States eCanada ngo-1968 futhi yaqhubeka nokwandisa kwamanye amazwe emashumini eminyaka alandelayo.

Namuhla, i-Pizza Hut ingenye yamaketanga amakhulu kakhulu futhi aziwa kakhulu e-pizza emhlabeni anezindawo ezingaphezu kuka-18,000 emazweni angaphezu kwe-100. Le nkampani yaziwa ngezinhlobo zayo ezahlukene ze-pizza kanye nezitsha zayo ze-pasta, amaphiko nezinye izinto zemenyu. I-Pizza Hut iseyindlela ethandwayo yokukhetha abantu abafuna ukudla okusheshayo nokulula.

Ukusungulwa kwe-pizza.

Imvelaphi eqondile ye-pizza iyaxoxwa ngandlela-thile, kodwa kukholelwa kabanzi ukuthi i-pizza ivela e-Italy, ikakhulukazi esifundeni saseCampania eningizimu ye-Italy. Ukubhekisela kokuqala okwaziwayo kwe-pizza kungalandelwa emuva kumbhalo wesandla wesiLatini ovela edolobheni eliseningizimu ye-Italy laseGaeta kusuka ku-997 AD, okuchaza ukudla okwenziwe ngenhlama, ushizi nezinye izithako.

Kodwa-ke, i-pizza njengoba sazi namuhla cishe yavela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18 noma ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19 edolobheni lase-Italy laseNaples. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-pizza yayiyisidlo esilula esilungiselelwe ngesisekelo senhlama elula futhi sihlotshiswe utamatisi, ushizi, nezinye izithako. Yayidayiswa ngabathengisi basemgwaqweni futhi idliwa ikakhulukazi ngabampofu.

Ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 nasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, i-pizza yathandwa kakhulu ngaphesheya kwe-Italy futhi ekugcineni yasakazeka kwezinye izingxenye zaseYurophu nasemhlabeni wonke. Namuhla, i-pizza ijabulela abantu emhlabeni wonke futhi itholakala ngezitayela ezihlukahlukene nokunambitheka.

Ukudla okusheshayo e-Afrika.

Imboni yokudla okusheshayo e-Afrika isencane, amaketanga okuqala okudla okusheshayo abonakala esifundeni ngeminyaka yo-1970 no-1980.

Enye yamaketanga okuqala okudla okusheshayo e-Afrika yi-KFC, eyavula indawo yayo yokudlela yokuqala eNingizimu Afrika ngo-1971. Amanye amaketanga okudla okusheshayo afana neMcDonald's neBurger King nawo avula izindawo zokudlela e-Afrika ngeminyaka yo-1980 no-1990. La maketanga, njenge-KFC, asebenzisa amasu omugqa wokuhlanganisa ukukhiqiza ngokushesha inani elikhulu lokudla, okuvumela ukuthi bathengise imikhiqizo yabo ngamanani aphansi.

Namuhla, imboni yokudla okusheshayo isungulwe kahle e-Afrika, ngezinhlobonhlobo zamaketanga okudla okusheshayo ahlukene asebenza esifundeni. Izindawo zokudlela zokudla okusheshayo zingatholakala emadolobheni amaningi ase-Afrika, futhi ziseyindlela ethandwayo yokukhetha abantu abafuna ukudla okusheshayo nokulula. Kodwa-ke, imboni yokudla okusheshayo e-Afrika isakhula futhi ayisabalele njengakwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba.